|
Part |
What it does |
What to match |
|
Trunk and crossbroke duct |
Rectangular duct for the main run |
Cross-section size, length and gauge |
|
Register boots |
Connect ductwork to grilles at ceilings, walls or floors |
The grille opening, duct size and orientation |
|
Top takeoffs |
Branch connection on top of a duct, sold here with a damper |
Collar size and whether a damper is included |
|
Reducers and transitions |
Connect ducts of different sizes or shapes, such as square to round |
Both end sizes and shapes |
|
Plenums |
A supply plenum takes conditioned air from the equipment and distributes it through the ductwork; a return plenum takes in room air and carries it back to the unit |
Size, supply or return side, and R-value |
|
End caps |
Cap an open end or opening in a run |
Diameter and gauge |
|
Insulated sleeve duct |
Insulated duct section sold by the length |
Diameter, length and insulation |
|
Hangers |
Support duct runs |
Duct size and mounting method |
The product type filter on this page also lists duct access doors, duct angles, duct board and duct boots. For round and flexible runs, see our flex duct; for the grilles and registers that sit on a boot, see grilles, registers & diffusers.
The right duct type depends on the installation. Flexible duct is faster to install and works well in tight spaces like attics and crawlspaces, while rigid sheet metal duct offers smoother airflow and greater durability on main trunk lines and long runs. See the comparison below.
|
Factor |
Flexible Duct |
Rigid Sheet Metal Duct |
|
Installation |
Faster, bends around obstacles |
Requires precise fabrication and fitting |
|
Airflow efficiency |
More resistance when compressed, sagging or kinked |
Smoother airflow, less resistance |
|
Installed performance |
Stretched fully, close to rigid duct; any slack, even 4 percent compression, causes a significant airflow loss |
Holds its shape between supports |
|
Typical use |
Short runs, tight spaces (attics, crawlspaces) |
Main trunk lines, long runs |
A Texas A&M study of 6, 8 and 10 inch flex duct, summarized by Energy Vanguard, found flex and rigid metal duct perform nearly identically at 0 percent compression. At 4 percent compression, a 6 inch flex duct moved about 70 CFM against about 110 CFM for rigid metal at 0.1 in. w.c. Pull flex fully straight and support it so it does not sag.
Listings pack the size, gauge and finish into the title. Dimension order differs between fittings, so confirm which dimension is which on the product page.
|
Example title |
What it tells you |
|
Southwark TD601810 Trunk Duct 60 inch 18x10 Hot Dipped Galvanized |
A 60 inch section with an 18x10 cross section, in hot dipped galvanized steel |
|
Gray Metal South 10X4X6-110R 10 x 4 x 6 in. Straight Boot Galvanized Steel 30 ga |
A straight register boot with three dimensions in inches, in 30 gauge galvanized steel |
|
A reducer from an 18x8 duct to a 16x8 duct |
|
|
A 3 ft plenum for the supply side with R8 insulation |
A higher gauge number means thinner steel, and gauge numbers differ by material: 22 gauge is .0336 in for galvanized steel but .0253 in for non-ferrous metals such as aluminum. The product grid lists a 28 ga vent tee cap and 30 ga boots.
|
Gauge |
Galvanized steel (in) |
Galvanized steel (mm) |
|
22 |
.0336 |
0.85 |
|
24 |
.0276 |
0.70 |
|
26 |
.0217 |
0.55 |
|
28 |
.0187 |
0.47 |
|
30 |
.0157 |
0.40 |
Duct joints and seams leak unless they are sealed, and leaks waste conditioned air. According to the Building America Solution Center (PNNL), code-built homes typically leak about 10 percent, and a 1,000 CFM system with 10 percent leakage loses about 100 CFM, roughly 3,000 BTU per hour. The McDaniel plenums in the grid list R8 for supply and R6 for return.
|
Topic |
Guidance |
|
Sealing material |
Use mastic or metal tape that meets UL 181. Standard cloth-backed duct tape can dry out and fail quickly. |
|
Wide seams |
Cover seams wider than 1/8 inch with fiberglass mesh tape before applying mastic. |
|
Insulation in unconditioned space |
At least R-8 on supply ducts and R-6 on return ducts under the 2009 IECC, Section 403.2. Check your local code. |
|
Compression |
Do not compress duct insulation, because compression reduces its rated R-value. |
Browse more HVAC ducting & ventilation supplies, including blowers & inline duct fans, vent pipes & fittings and commercial ventilation.